surge impedance वाक्य

In light load conditions, where the loading on transmission lines is well below the surge impedance loading, the efficiency of the power system may actually be improved by switching in reactors.
The "'characteristic impedance "'or "'surge impedance "'( usually written Z 0 ) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a single wave propagating along the line; that is, a wave travelling in one direction in the absence of ohm.
A short-line-fault TRV is characterized by a rate-of-rise that is proportional to the slope of current at the time of interruption and therefore to the amplitude of the short-circuit current : \ frac { du } { dt } = Z { di \ over dt } \,, where " Z " is the surge impedance of the line.